Palm-ID
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Caryoteae - Caryota
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
Caryoteae Drude.
informative descriptor
general stem pattern (ex-von Mohl's classification)
:
Mauritia-Type
shape of fibrous part in transverse section
:
Sagittata
;
Reniforma to Cordata - Complanata
cortex
:
very thin
superficial protective layer (sub-epidermal)
:
permanent epidermis
;
suberization and sclerosis of the existing ground parenchyma
tangential elongation and anticlinal divisions of subcortical parenchyma cells
:
present
;
absent
fibrous bundles in central cylinder
:
absent
fibrous part adjacent to the xylem
:
absent
little fibrous vascular bundles (bridges)
:
absent (poorly developed)
number of phloem strand
:
one strand throughout the central cylinder
radial elongation of the fibrous part (in subcortical zone)
:
absent
radiating parenchyma
:
present
;
absent
ground parenchyma of the central cylinder
:
rod-like cells (length > 200 µm; length / width > (3)–5) and more or less regular and large meshwork (lacunae > 250 µm)
;
huge cells (∅ > 150 µm) [potential few and irregular lacunae]
;
appendicular parenchyma connecting fvb
ground parenchyma sustained growth
:
present (Type B)
phytoliths
:
trapeziform to rondel (ex hat shaped)
;
combined
number of wide metaxylem element per fibrous vascular bundle
:
mostly 1
;
1 in the the subcortical zone and the zone of transition AND 2 in the central zone
tabular parenchyma
:
absent
end wall slope
:
oblique
;
slightly oblique
specialisation value
:
1 to ≤ 2 vessel-parenchyma pits">[2] multiple perforation plates with "narrow" perforations that span >1 to ≤ 2 vessel-parenchyma pits
;
2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits">[3] multiple perforation plates with "medium size" perforations that span >2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits
;
5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars">[4] multiple perforation plates with "wide" perforations that span >5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars
;
[5] mixture of multiples perforation plates (as in #4) and simple perforation plates
multicellular epidermal hair
:
present
epidermal cells
:
cone shaped
wide metaxylem element
:
present
fibrous part centrifugal differentiation
:
present
metaphloem sieve plate
:
compound
phytoliths distribution in central cylinder
:
largely restricted to the fvb of the subcortical zone in contact with the cortex
identification within "subfamily" or "tribe"
:
in all palm family
;
subfamily Coryphoideae
;
without Arecoideae
cortex
cortex
:
very thin
multicellular epidermal hair
:
present
epidermal cells
:
cone shaped
central cylinder
fibrous bundles in central cylinder
:
absent
shape of fibrous part in transverse section
:
Sagittata
;
Reniforma to Cordata - Complanata
little fibrous vascular bundles (bridges)
:
absent (poorly developed)
radiating parenchyma
:
present
;
absent
tabular parenchyma
:
absent
paravascular parenchyma
:
developed
ground parenchyma of the central cylinder
:
rod-like cells (length > 200 µm; length / width > (3)–5) and more or less regular and large meshwork (lacunae > 250 µm)
;
huge cells (∅ > 150 µm) [potential few and irregular lacunae]
;
appendicular parenchyma connecting fvb
ground parenchyma sustained growth
:
present (Type B)
superficial protective layer (sub-epidermal)
:
permanent epidermis
;
suberization and sclerosis of the existing ground parenchyma
general stem pattern (ex-von Mohl's classification)
:
Mauritia-Type
median sinus
:
rounded
;
angular
auricular lobe
:
rounded
auricular sinus
:
angular
;
absent only in the central zone
vascular zone position
:
excluded from the auricular lobes only in the central zone
fibrous part adjacent to the xylem
:
absent
number of wide metaxylem element per fibrous vascular bundle
:
mostly 1
;
1 in the the subcortical zone and the zone of transition AND 2 in the central zone
number of phloem strand
:
one strand throughout the central cylinder
radial elongation of the fibrous part (in subcortical zone)
:
absent
phytoliths
:
trapeziform to rondel (ex hat shaped)
;
combined
Tomlinson's end wall type
:
moderately specialized
end wall slope
:
oblique
;
slightly oblique
range of slope index (min_m_max)
:
3 – 3,76 – 4,33
specialisation value
:
1 to ≤ 2 vessel-parenchyma pits">[2] multiple perforation plates with "narrow" perforations that span >1 to ≤ 2 vessel-parenchyma pits
;
2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits">[3] multiple perforation plates with "medium size" perforations that span >2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits
;
5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars">[4] multiple perforation plates with "wide" perforations that span >5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars
;
[5] mixture of multiples perforation plates (as in #4) and simple perforation plates
fibrous part centrifugal differentiation
:
present
wide metaxylem element
:
present
tangential elongation and anticlinal divisions of subcortical parenchyma cells
:
present
;
absent
metaphloem sieve plate
:
compound
phytoliths distribution in central cylinder
:
largely restricted to the fvb of the subcortical zone in contact with the cortex
fibrous vascular bundle
shape of fibrous part in transverse section
:
Sagittata
;
Reniforma to Cordata - Complanata
fibrous part adjacent to the xylem
:
absent
number of wide metaxylem element per fibrous vascular bundle
:
mostly 1
;
1 in the the subcortical zone and the zone of transition AND 2 in the central zone
number of phloem strand
:
one strand throughout the central cylinder
radial elongation of the fibrous part (in subcortical zone)
:
absent
paravascular parenchyma
:
developed
median sinus
:
rounded
;
angular
auricular lobe
:
rounded
auricular sinus
:
angular
;
absent only in the central zone
vascular zone position
:
excluded from the auricular lobes only in the central zone
tabular parenchyma
:
absent
Tomlinson's end wall type
:
moderately specialized
end wall slope
:
oblique
;
slightly oblique
range of slope index (min_m_max)
:
3 – 3,76 – 4,33
specialisation value
:
1 to ≤ 2 vessel-parenchyma pits">[2] multiple perforation plates with "narrow" perforations that span >1 to ≤ 2 vessel-parenchyma pits
;
2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits">[3] multiple perforation plates with "medium size" perforations that span >2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits
;
5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars">[4] multiple perforation plates with "wide" perforations that span >5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars
;
[5] mixture of multiples perforation plates (as in #4) and simple perforation plates
metaphloem sieve plate
:
compound
wide metaxylem element
:
present
fibrous part centrifugal differentiation
:
present
radiating parenchyma
:
present
;
absent
ground parenchyma
ground parenchyma of the central cylinder
:
rod-like cells (length > 200 µm; length / width > (3)–5) and more or less regular and large meshwork (lacunae > 250 µm)
;
huge cells (∅ > 150 µm) [potential few and irregular lacunae]
;
appendicular parenchyma connecting fvb
ground parenchyma sustained growth
:
present (Type B)
superficial protective layer (sub-epidermal)
:
permanent epidermis
;
suberization and sclerosis of the existing ground parenchyma
tangential elongation and anticlinal divisions of subcortical parenchyma cells
:
present
;
absent
numerical
range of slope index (min_m_max)
:
3 – 3,76 – 4,33
present in fossil descriptions but not informative
paravascular parenchyma
:
developed
vascular zone position
:
excluded from the auricular lobes only in the central zone
auricular sinus
:
angular
;
absent only in the central zone
median sinus
:
rounded
;
angular
auricular lobe
:
rounded
range of slope index (min_m_max)
:
3 – 3,76 – 4,33