Palm-ID
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Borasseae - Lataniinae - Lodoicea
Lataniinae -
Lodoicea
Comm. ex DC.
Lodoicea Comm. ex DC.
Lodoicea Comm. ex DC.
Lodoicea Comm. ex DC.
informative descriptor
general stem pattern (ex-von Mohl's classification)
:
Cocos-Type
;
Corypha-Type
shape of fibrous part in transverse section
:
Reniforma to Cordata - Complanata
;
Lunaria
cortex
:
developed
superficial protective layer (sub-epidermal)
:
suberization and sclerosis of the existing ground parenchyma
tangential elongation and anticlinal divisions of subcortical parenchyma cells
:
absent
fibrous bundles in central cylinder
:
present
fibrous part adjacent to the xylem
:
absent
little fibrous vascular bundles (bridges)
:
present (well developed)
;
absent (poorly developed)
number of phloem strand
:
one strand throughout the central cylinder
radial elongation of the fibrous part (in subcortical zone)
:
absent
radiating parenchyma
:
absent
ground parenchyma of the central cylinder
:
spheroid to slightly elongated (length / width < 3–4) cells (∅ < 150 µm) and compact [sometimes few and little lacunae in old stems
;
cells slightly elongated (length / width < 3–4), lobed with a random (rhombohedral) shape (maximal length < 200 µm) and irregular meshwork (lacunae < 200 µm)
ground parenchyma sustained growth
:
absent (Type A)
;
present (Type B)
phytoliths
:
globular echinate to granulate
number of wide metaxylem element per fibrous vascular bundle
:
mostly 1
tabular parenchyma
:
present
;
absent
end wall slope
:
slightly oblique
;
transverse
specialisation value
:
5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars">[4] multiple perforation plates with "wide" perforations that span >5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars
;
[5] mixture of multiples perforation plates (as in #4) and simple perforation plates
;
[6] simple perforation plate only
wide metaxylem element
:
present
fibrous part centrifugal differentiation
:
absent
metaphloem sieve plate
:
compound
phytoliths distribution in central cylinder
:
all around the fibrous part adjacent to the phloem throughout the central cylinder
identification within "subfamily" or "tribe"
:
in all palm family
;
subfamily Coryphoideae
;
tribe Borasseae
;
without Arecoideae
cortex
cortex
:
developed
central cylinder
fibrous bundles in central cylinder
:
present
shape of fibrous part in transverse section
:
Reniforma to Cordata - Complanata
;
Lunaria
little fibrous vascular bundles (bridges)
:
present (well developed)
;
absent (poorly developed)
radiating parenchyma
:
absent
tabular parenchyma
:
present
;
absent
paravascular parenchyma
:
developed
ground parenchyma of the central cylinder
:
spheroid to slightly elongated (length / width < 3–4) cells (∅ < 150 µm) and compact [sometimes few and little lacunae in old stems
;
cells slightly elongated (length / width < 3–4), lobed with a random (rhombohedral) shape (maximal length < 200 µm) and irregular meshwork (lacunae < 200 µm)
ground parenchyma sustained growth
:
absent (Type A)
;
present (Type B)
superficial protective layer (sub-epidermal)
:
suberization and sclerosis of the existing ground parenchyma
general stem pattern (ex-von Mohl's classification)
:
Cocos-Type
;
Corypha-Type
median sinus
:
rounded
auricular lobe
:
rounded
auricular sinus
:
angular
;
absent
vascular zone position
:
excluded from the fibrous dorsal cap
fibrous part adjacent to the xylem
:
absent
number of wide metaxylem element per fibrous vascular bundle
:
mostly 1
number of phloem strand
:
one strand throughout the central cylinder
radial elongation of the fibrous part (in subcortical zone)
:
absent
phytoliths
:
globular echinate to granulate
Tomlinson's end wall type
:
most specialized
end wall slope
:
slightly oblique
;
transverse
range of slope index (min_m_max)
:
3 – 3,76 – 4,33
specialisation value
:
5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars">[4] multiple perforation plates with "wide" perforations that span >5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars
;
[5] mixture of multiples perforation plates (as in #4) and simple perforation plates
;
[6] simple perforation plate only
fibrous part centrifugal differentiation
:
absent
wide metaxylem element
:
present
tangential elongation and anticlinal divisions of subcortical parenchyma cells
:
absent
metaphloem sieve plate
:
compound
phytoliths distribution in central cylinder
:
all around the fibrous part adjacent to the phloem throughout the central cylinder
fibrous vascular bundle
shape of fibrous part in transverse section
:
Reniforma to Cordata - Complanata
;
Lunaria
fibrous part adjacent to the xylem
:
absent
number of wide metaxylem element per fibrous vascular bundle
:
mostly 1
number of phloem strand
:
one strand throughout the central cylinder
radial elongation of the fibrous part (in subcortical zone)
:
absent
paravascular parenchyma
:
developed
median sinus
:
rounded
auricular lobe
:
rounded
auricular sinus
:
angular
;
absent
vascular zone position
:
excluded from the fibrous dorsal cap
tabular parenchyma
:
present
;
absent
Tomlinson's end wall type
:
most specialized
end wall slope
:
slightly oblique
;
transverse
range of slope index (min_m_max)
:
3 – 3,76 – 4,33
specialisation value
:
5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars">[4] multiple perforation plates with "wide" perforations that span >5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars
;
[5] mixture of multiples perforation plates (as in #4) and simple perforation plates
;
[6] simple perforation plate only
metaphloem sieve plate
:
compound
wide metaxylem element
:
present
fibrous part centrifugal differentiation
:
absent
radiating parenchyma
:
absent
ground parenchyma
ground parenchyma of the central cylinder
:
spheroid to slightly elongated (length / width < 3–4) cells (∅ < 150 µm) and compact [sometimes few and little lacunae in old stems
;
cells slightly elongated (length / width < 3–4), lobed with a random (rhombohedral) shape (maximal length < 200 µm) and irregular meshwork (lacunae < 200 µm)
ground parenchyma sustained growth
:
absent (Type A)
;
present (Type B)
superficial protective layer (sub-epidermal)
:
suberization and sclerosis of the existing ground parenchyma
tangential elongation and anticlinal divisions of subcortical parenchyma cells
:
absent
numerical
range of slope index (min_m_max)
:
3 – 3,76 – 4,33
present in fossil descriptions but not informative
paravascular parenchyma
:
developed
vascular zone position
:
excluded from the fibrous dorsal cap
auricular sinus
:
angular
;
absent
median sinus
:
rounded
auricular lobe
:
rounded
range of slope index (min_m_max)
:
3 – 3,76 – 4,33