Palm-ID
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Phoeniceae
Phoeniceae J.Presl
Phoeniceae J.Presl
Phoeniceae J.Presl
Phoeniceae J.Presl
Phoeniceae J.Presl
Phoeniceae J.Presl
Phoeniceae J.Presl
Phoeniceae J.Presl
Phoeniceae J.Presl
Phoeniceae J.Presl
‣ Phoeniceae J.Presl
‣ Phoeniceae J.Presl
‣ Phoeniceae J.Presl
‣ Phoeniceae J.Presl
‣ Phoeniceae J.Presl
informative descriptor
general stem pattern (ex-von Mohl's classification)
:
Cocos-Type
shape of fibrous part in transverse section
:
Lunaria
;
Vaginata
cortex
:
developed
superficial protective layer (sub-epidermal)
:
suberization and sclerosis of the existing ground parenchyma
tangential elongation and anticlinal divisions of subcortical parenchyma cells
:
absent
fibrous bundles in central cylinder
:
absent
fibrous part adjacent to the xylem
:
present (often only in the central zone)
little fibrous vascular bundles (bridges)
:
absent (poorly developed)
number of phloem strand
:
one strand throughout the central cylinder
radial elongation of the fibrous part (in subcortical zone)
:
absent
radiating parenchyma
:
absent
ground parenchyma of the central cylinder
:
spheroid to slightly elongated (length / width < 3–4) cells (∅ < 150 µm) and compact [sometimes few and little lacunae in old stems
ground parenchyma sustained growth
:
absent (Type A)
phytoliths
:
globular echinate to granulate
number of wide metaxylem element per fibrous vascular bundle
:
mostly 2 (3-4)
tabular parenchyma
:
present
end wall slope
:
oblique
specialisation value
:
2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits">[3] multiple perforation plates with "medium size" perforations that span >2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits
;
5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars">[4] multiple perforation plates with "wide" perforations that span >5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars
wide metaxylem element
:
present
fibrous part centrifugal differentiation
:
absent
metaphloem sieve plate
:
compound
phytoliths distribution in central cylinder
:
all around the fibrous part adjacent to the phloem throughout the central cylinder
identification within "subfamily" or "tribe"
:
in all palm family
;
subfamily Coryphoideae
;
without Arecoideae
cortex
cortex
:
developed
central cylinder
fibrous bundles in central cylinder
:
absent
shape of fibrous part in transverse section
:
Lunaria
;
Vaginata
little fibrous vascular bundles (bridges)
:
absent (poorly developed)
radiating parenchyma
:
absent
tabular parenchyma
:
present
paravascular parenchyma
:
developed
;
poorly developed or one layer of circumvascular cells
ground parenchyma of the central cylinder
:
spheroid to slightly elongated (length / width < 3–4) cells (∅ < 150 µm) and compact [sometimes few and little lacunae in old stems
ground parenchyma sustained growth
:
absent (Type A)
superficial protective layer (sub-epidermal)
:
suberization and sclerosis of the existing ground parenchyma
general stem pattern (ex-von Mohl's classification)
:
Cocos-Type
median sinus
:
rounded
auricular lobe
:
very shallow to absent
;
angular
auricular sinus
:
absent
vascular zone position
:
included in the fibrous dorsal cap (between the two auricular lobes)
fibrous part adjacent to the xylem
:
present (often only in the central zone)
number of wide metaxylem element per fibrous vascular bundle
:
mostly 2 (3-4)
number of phloem strand
:
one strand throughout the central cylinder
radial elongation of the fibrous part (in subcortical zone)
:
absent
phytoliths
:
globular echinate to granulate
Tomlinson's end wall type
:
unspecialized
;
moderately specialized
end wall slope
:
oblique
range of slope index (min_m_max)
:
3 – 3,76 – 4,33
specialisation value
:
2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits">[3] multiple perforation plates with "medium size" perforations that span >2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits
;
5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars">[4] multiple perforation plates with "wide" perforations that span >5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars
fibrous part centrifugal differentiation
:
absent
wide metaxylem element
:
present
tangential elongation and anticlinal divisions of subcortical parenchyma cells
:
absent
metaphloem sieve plate
:
compound
phytoliths distribution in central cylinder
:
all around the fibrous part adjacent to the phloem throughout the central cylinder
fibrous vascular bundle
shape of fibrous part in transverse section
:
Lunaria
;
Vaginata
fibrous part adjacent to the xylem
:
present (often only in the central zone)
number of wide metaxylem element per fibrous vascular bundle
:
mostly 2 (3-4)
number of phloem strand
:
one strand throughout the central cylinder
radial elongation of the fibrous part (in subcortical zone)
:
absent
paravascular parenchyma
:
developed
;
poorly developed or one layer of circumvascular cells
median sinus
:
rounded
auricular lobe
:
very shallow to absent
;
angular
auricular sinus
:
absent
vascular zone position
:
included in the fibrous dorsal cap (between the two auricular lobes)
tabular parenchyma
:
present
Tomlinson's end wall type
:
unspecialized
;
moderately specialized
end wall slope
:
oblique
range of slope index (min_m_max)
:
3 – 3,76 – 4,33
specialisation value
:
2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits">[3] multiple perforation plates with "medium size" perforations that span >2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits
;
5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars">[4] multiple perforation plates with "wide" perforations that span >5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars
metaphloem sieve plate
:
compound
wide metaxylem element
:
present
fibrous part centrifugal differentiation
:
absent
radiating parenchyma
:
absent
ground parenchyma
ground parenchyma of the central cylinder
:
spheroid to slightly elongated (length / width < 3–4) cells (∅ < 150 µm) and compact [sometimes few and little lacunae in old stems
ground parenchyma sustained growth
:
absent (Type A)
superficial protective layer (sub-epidermal)
:
suberization and sclerosis of the existing ground parenchyma
tangential elongation and anticlinal divisions of subcortical parenchyma cells
:
absent
numerical
range of slope index (min_m_max)
:
3 – 3,76 – 4,33
present in fossil descriptions but not informative
paravascular parenchyma
:
developed
;
poorly developed or one layer of circumvascular cells
vascular zone position
:
included in the fibrous dorsal cap (between the two auricular lobes)
auricular sinus
:
absent
median sinus
:
rounded
auricular lobe
:
very shallow to absent
;
angular
range of slope index (min_m_max)
:
3 – 3,76 – 4,33