Trachycarpeae - Livistoninae
Trachycarpeae - Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
Livistoninae R. Br.
certain
- von Mohl's classification : Corypha-Type
- shape of fibrous part in transverse section : Reniforma to Cordata - Complanata
- cortex : developed
- superficial protective layer (sub-epidermal) : suberization and sclerosis of the existing ground parenchyma
- tangential elongation and anticlinal divisions of subcortical parenchyma cells : absent
- fibrous bundles in central cylinder : present ; absent
- fibrous ventral cap : present (often only in the central part) ; absent
- little fibrous vascular bundles (bridges) : absent (poorly developed)
- number of phloem strand : one strand in the subcortical and transitional zones and two in the central zone of the central cylinder
- radial elongation of the fibrous dorsal cap (in subcortical zone) : absent
- radiating parenchyma : present ; absent
- ground parenchyma of the central cylinder : cells slightly elongated (length / width < 3–4), lobed with a random (rhombohedral) shape (maximal length < 200 µm) and irregular meshwork (lacunae < 200 µm) ; rod-like cells (length > 200 µm; length / width > (3)–5) and more or less regular and large meshwork (lacunae > 250 µm)
- ground parenchyma sustained growth : present (Type B)
- phytoliths : globular echinate to granulate
- number of wide metaxylem element per fibrous vascular bundle : mostly 2 (3-4)
- tabular parenchyma : present ; absent
- end wall slope : slightly oblique
- specialisation value : 2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits">[3] multiple perforation plates with "medium size" perforations that span >2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits ; 5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars">[4] multiple perforation plates with "wide" perforations that span >5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars
- wide metaxylem element : present
- fibrous dorsal cap centrifugal differentiation : absent
- metaphloem sieve plate : compound
- phytoliths distribution in central cylinder : all around the dorsal fibrous cap throughout the central cylinder
cortex
central cylinder
- fibrous bundles in central cylinder : present ; absent
- shape of fibrous part in transverse section : Reniforma to Cordata - Complanata
- little fibrous vascular bundles (bridges) : absent (poorly developed)
- radiating parenchyma : present ; absent
- tabular parenchyma : present ; absent
- ground parenchyma of the central cylinder : cells slightly elongated (length / width < 3–4), lobed with a random (rhombohedral) shape (maximal length < 200 µm) and irregular meshwork (lacunae < 200 µm) ; rod-like cells (length > 200 µm; length / width > (3)–5) and more or less regular and large meshwork (lacunae > 250 µm)
- ground parenchyma sustained growth : present (Type B)
- superficial protective layer (sub-epidermal) : suberization and sclerosis of the existing ground parenchyma
- von Mohl's classification : Corypha-Type
- fibrous ventral cap : present (often only in the central part) ; absent
- number of wide metaxylem element per fibrous vascular bundle : mostly 2 (3-4)
- number of phloem strand : one strand in the subcortical and transitional zones and two in the central zone of the central cylinder
- radial elongation of the fibrous dorsal cap (in subcortical zone) : absent
- phytoliths : globular echinate to granulate
- end wall slope : slightly oblique
- specialisation value : 2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits">[3] multiple perforation plates with "medium size" perforations that span >2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits ; 5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars">[4] multiple perforation plates with "wide" perforations that span >5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars
- fibrous dorsal cap centrifugal differentiation : absent
- wide metaxylem element : present
- tangential elongation and anticlinal divisions of subcortical parenchyma cells : absent
- metaphloem sieve plate : compound
- phytoliths distribution in central cylinder : all around the dorsal fibrous cap throughout the central cylinder
fibrous vascular bundle
- shape of fibrous part in transverse section : Reniforma to Cordata - Complanata
- fibrous ventral cap : present (often only in the central part) ; absent
- number of wide metaxylem element per fibrous vascular bundle : mostly 2 (3-4)
- number of phloem strand : one strand in the subcortical and transitional zones and two in the central zone of the central cylinder
- radial elongation of the fibrous dorsal cap (in subcortical zone) : absent
- tabular parenchyma : present ; absent
- end wall slope : slightly oblique
- specialisation value : 2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits">[3] multiple perforation plates with "medium size" perforations that span >2 to ≤ 5 vessel-parenchyma pits ; 5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars">[4] multiple perforation plates with "wide" perforations that span >5 vessel-parenchyma pits, or with ≤ 3 bars
- metaphloem sieve plate : compound
- wide metaxylem element : present
- fibrous dorsal cap centrifugal differentiation : absent
- radiating parenchyma : present ; absent
ground parenchyma
- ground parenchyma of the central cylinder : cells slightly elongated (length / width < 3–4), lobed with a random (rhombohedral) shape (maximal length < 200 µm) and irregular meshwork (lacunae < 200 µm) ; rod-like cells (length > 200 µm; length / width > (3)–5) and more or less regular and large meshwork (lacunae > 250 µm)
- ground parenchyma sustained growth : present (Type B)
- superficial protective layer (sub-epidermal) : suberization and sclerosis of the existing ground parenchyma
- tangential elongation and anticlinal divisions of subcortical parenchyma cells : absent